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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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111389
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11138900.039
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1990-09-19
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WORLD, Page 52The Presidency"I Felt I Had to Draw the Line"By Hugh Sidey
Uruguay's President Julio Maria Sanguinetti, chatting with
George Bush, spotted him first. Sanguinetti muttered a low warning
to the U.S. President that Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega, who had just
entered the room at Costa Rica's Hotel Cariari, was headed toward
them. Bush squared himself, picking up the Sandinista comandante
in his peripheral vision. He was poised for this power game that
is played with body language and photo opportunities. Adversarial
heads of state strive to gain a psychological edge over one another
and to make points with the vast electronic audiences that watch
these dramas. In this odd world where image is the message and
sometimes the meaning, the outcome can be critical. Bush vs. Ortega
is not a World Series, but it is a measure of Bush's response to
a defiant bush leaguer. "Not a relaxed setting," Bush told TIME
last week, recalling the encounter at the Costa Rican summit on
democracy. "But I was not going back to refusing to shake
somebody's hand." He was harking back to 1954, when Dwight
Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles ignored the
outstretched hand of Chou En-lai in Geneva, humiliating the Chinese
Premier and further complicating the dismal relations between the
two nations.
"Ortega strode in," Bush related. "I was not sure whether it
was a defensive stride or a take-command stride. He made his way
around a table toward us. He is a bigger and broader man than the
common perception. I noticed his uniform, the very bright khaki
cloth and the bright red bandana. I don't say it to denigrate the
Boy Scouts, but he looked like a senior Boy Scout leader."
The President kept his resentment under control. He was
suspicious of Ortega's posturing but not then aware that the
dictator planned to end the truce with the contras. "It was
literally a photo opportunity," Bush said. Sure enough, Ortega's
photographer rushed his shots to news organizations; the White
House refused to release its own pictures. "We greeted. We shook
hands. He had a firm handshake. He looked me in the eye. He did not
lock on or anything like that. He was not defiant. We'd met
before."
Ortega's orchestration of their meeting and his stunning
announcement about ending the Nicaraguan cease-fire brought a flare
of public anger from Bush the following day. "It was instantly,
gratuitously offensive, and I felt I had to draw the line," said
Bush last week. "Ortega abused the hospitality of the other
nations. He showed himself as a small person."
Intrigued as well as irritated, Bush kept up his character
study throughout the two-day summit in San Jose. The night that El
Salvador's Alfredo Cristiani criticized Ortega publicly, Bush
looked down the table to his right at the tilted chin, the solemn
profile of the Nicaraguan President. "He just stared off into the
distant horizon," Bush recalled. "There was in the room a sense of
total outrage at what Ortega had done."
Back at the White House, Bush examined the pictures his
photographers had made of Ortega. In shot after shot, Bush noted,
was that same fixed stare beyond the people around him, a lonely
man both at home and abroad. "Now, we keep pushing him," Bush said.
"We don't let him off the hook of holding free elections. He is
trapped as the current of democracy goes against him."